Journal of Management and Science

An exploration of the societal perceptions and cultural attitude towards elderly people in Kinondoni municipal council, Tanzania

Ramadhan Said Naibu, Willy Maliganya — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Over the years, ageing has generally been regarded as an important policy issue worldwide because of the large proportion of elderly people. Despite efforts to improve access to healthcare and social services, the elderly in Tanzania still face various challenges. However, the effectiveness of NHIF in promoting social protection among elderly individuals in Tanzania, especially in areas like Kinondoni, remains underexplored. This study explored the societal perceptions and cultural attitude towards elderly people in Kinondoni municipal council. The study population comprised elderly individuals residing in selected wards in Kinondoni Municipal Council for quantitative data. A sample size of 394 elderly people was purposively sampled from Mbezi Juu, Kigogo, and Mbweni Wards in the District. Qualitative data were obtained from different groups such as healthcare providers, NHIF staff, district health officers, and village executive officers. Data collection involved mixed-methods that combined questionnaires, in-depth interviews, document reviews, and focus group discussions to obtain the data. In this study, quantitative data analysis involved descriptive statistics to summarize the results using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). For qualitative data, thematic analysis was employed to identify key themes, patterns, and insights from the qualitative data collected through in-depth interviews. The study revealed that societal perceptions and cultural attitudes significantly influenced the access of elderly people to healthcare, with positive perceptions correlated with age (χ² = 10.35, p = 0.006), gender (χ² = 4.12, p = 0.047), marital status (χ² = 5.89, p = 0.032), and education level (χ² = 9.75, p = 0.008). At the same time, 44% of respondents reported experiencing discrimination, highlighting systemic ageism that impedes adequate care for the elderly. The findings reveal a complex scenery where societal perceptions and cultural attitudes towards the elderly are mixed, with respect coexisting alongside age-related stigma and discrimination. Consequently, the study recommends for targeted awareness campaigns, streamlined NHIF enrolment, financial assistance, culturally sensitive healthcare policies, specialized provider training, and community involvement, robust monitoring systems for improved access and care for elderly individuals under the NHIF.

Influence of quality assurance practices on student’s performance in advanced level learning at a selected high school in Zimbabwe

T.P. Mutaki, P. Chikuvadze, C. Makuvire — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study sought to explore the influence of quality assurance practices on students’ performance in Advanced Level learning at the selected high school. Qualitative approach guided the data generation, analysis and discussion. Sample comprised of 10 teachers and 4 school-based supervisors who were purposively selected. Data generated through literature method and interviews were analysed according to emerging themes. The participants conceptualised quality assurance as those practices that are used in monitoring the quality of learning in Advanced Level. In addition, the findings advanced how the identified quality assurance practices can be used in monitoring the quality of Advanced Level learning process. Some challenges faced when infusing quality assurance practices in Advanced Level learning process were extracted from participants’ contributions. Based on these findings it was concluded that in spite of the existence of the challenges faced, quality assurance practices to a larger extent influences students’ performance in Advanced Level learning process at the selected high school. We recommend that teacher capacity development programmes be organised so as to bridge the identified gaps around the infusion of quality assurance practices into teaching and learning process.

Examining the influence of demographic, social factors, and socio-economic prospects of home country on the migration attitudes of undergraduates: A study of the new entrants to the university of Peradeniya

Nadini Harankahawa, Nipuni Jayasinghe, Chandana Jayawardena — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to examine the factors influencing the migration attitudes of new university entrants in Sri Lanka, focusing on their demographic, social factors, and the socioeconomic prospects of the home country. Considering the recent accelerated brain drain following the severe economic crisis in 2022, a comprehensive survey was conducted among new entrants at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya in 2023. The data collection utilized a structured questionnaire incorporating standardized instruments to measure key variables. Findings indicate that undergraduates’ perceptions of their country’s socioeconomic prospects negatively influence their migration attitudes; many foresee economic instability and consider migration as a viable option. Additionally, the attitudes of family and friends significantly shape these perspectives, with supportive social networks fostering more positive views toward migration. The insights gained from this research can be utilized by policymakers and educational institutions in developing targeted strategies to address the aspirations and concerns of undergraduates intending migration. Such strategies will aid in aligning the future expectations of Sri Lankan undergraduates with both local and international opportunities.

Evaluation of ship-owner’s demand for port services relative to changes in port pricing policy regimes in Nigeria

Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The study evaluated the Ship-owner’s Demand for Port Services Relative to Changes in Port Pricing Policy Regimes in Nigeria. Its specific objectives was among other thing to estimate the coefficient of average rate of change of ship-owner’s demand for port services in Nigerian seaports relative to changes in pilotage rates charged by the Nigerian Port Authority (NPA) between 1977 and 2022. This was in realization of the fact that port charges have implications on port cost borne ship-owners and other categories of port users. It used the quantitative research design methods. It sourced secondary data from the NPA on the ship traffic call and shipping tonnages handled in the Nigerian ports over the 45 years covered in the study as proxies for ship-owners demand for port services. It also obtained time series data on pilotage rates charged by the ports between 1977 and 2022 from the NPA. The average rate of change quantitative tool and regression analysis were used to analyze the data obtained. It was found that, the average rate of change coefficient of ship traffic calls handled in the Nigerian seaports relative the trend of pilotage rates charged by the seaports over the period is 34.719. It results also show that there is significant influence of variations in pilotage rates charged by the Nigerian ports on the ship traffic calls handled in Nigerian seaports. The findings of the study further reveal that for each 1 naira variation (increase) pilotage rates charged by the NPA each year between 1977 and 2022, the GRT/shipping tonnage handled by the seaports increased by an average rate of 1713332 GRTs. Recommendations were proffered based on the study findings.

Factors affecting students on dual process recommender system on purchase intention in online shopping environment

Kiran Kumar Thoti. — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to examine the extent to which the dual process recommender system influences online purchase intentions in online shopping environment. Online shopping has risen dramatically in Malaysia, greatly adding to its popularity. This study investigates the characteristics that influence purchase intention pleasure among students at the University Malaysia Kelantan. The investigations will give characteristics influencing student purchasing intention as well as components driving consumer happiness while shopping online. Perception of use, perceived ease of use, lifestyle compatibility, belief and advantages will be used as independent factors in this study to link to the dependent variable, behavioral purchase intention. The descriptive approach was used in this study, with 100 students from the UMK City Campus responding via an adapted questionnaire with Likert-scale on Google Form. This study is limited to students from the Entrepreneurship and Business Faculty. The outcomes of the investigation were substantial and validated the theory. This study's limitations and recommendations will assist future researchers in better understanding the factors that impact UMK City Campus students' online purchasing pleasure.

Is energy consumption really matter for economic growth in Bangladesh? An ARDL approach

Wazahat Ullah., Hasin Israque Aornob — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Despite the great interest in the energy-growth nexus over the world, the energy-growth nexus is always overlooked by the prior researchers of Bangladesh. Using the data set of the period 1979-2014, the study injects new insights into the scant knowledge about the nexus between the two aggregated variables in the country. To do so, the study investigates both long-run and short-run causal relationship applying a developed method of bound testing (ARDL) and dynamic VEC model, respectively. The estimation results find strong long-run relationship between the energy consumption and economic growth and in the short-run energy consumption has significant impact on economic growth in Bangladesh. But the VECM Granger causality test finds no causality running in either direction. Therefore, the study suggests that energy conservation policy should be revised as growth is inevitable without energy in Bangladesh.

Impact of social media on political communication: A comparative review of 2015, 2019 and 2023 election campaigns in Nigeria

Obinna Johnkennedy Chukwu — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the impact of social media on political communication and electoral outcomes in Nigeria during the 2015, 2019, and 2023 elections. It highlighted how social media platforms have transformed traditional political engagement, enabling candidates to connect directly with voters and fostering real-time feedback. The findings reveal that social media played a crucial role in mobilizing voters, particularly youth, and shaping public opinion through interactive discourse. However, the rise of misinformation and political polarization emerged as significant challenges, undermining the integrity of the electoral process. The study emphasized that while social media has enhanced voter engagement and awareness, it has also facilitated the spread of misleading information that can distort perceptions and deepen societal divides. Recommendations include implementing digital literacy programs to educate voters about misinformation, establishing regulatory frameworks to combat fake news, and promoting transparency in online political communications. Overall, the research underscores the dual nature of social media as both a tool for democratization and a potential source of misinformation, necessitating ongoing efforts to harness its positive aspects while mitigating its risks.

M-Banking Applications and paradigm shift in the Banking sector; a comparative illustration of users’ experience

Shareef AP, Dr. MA Shakila Banu — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

M-Banking applications have turned an innovation catalyst in banking sector. This paper portrays the change brought forward by these applications and looks into users’ experience by comparing banking applications of two major banking service providers viz. State Bank of India’s YONO and Federal Bank’s FedMobile. The study was conducted among the users in Kerala State by using purposive sampling with a sample size of 250 equally divided into both the applications. Responses were collected through structured questionnaire. Relevant statistical tools were used to analyse the data. The study concludes that there are multiple factors affecting the users’ experience. But the users don’t have same experience with different dimensions of each of the apps. One application stands better than the other in terms one parameter, but in another parameter it is not. These factors include Network/Server issues, Speed/Slow Process, Accessibility/arrangement of options, security/safety features, availability of features/services and design features.

Social and Economic Perspective of Dink Culture and it’s Impact on Indian Economy

T N Geetha — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

DINK household’s couples with a double income and no children have increased dramatically during the last few decades. The DINK lifestyle has gained popularity, despite initially appearing in the 1980s amid a recession when the expenses of raising children skyrocketed. Research on the economic influence of the childless population is summarized in this publication. To demonstrate the disproportionate influence of DINKs, it compiles information on earnings, savings rates, spending patterns, and consumer preferences. Their decisions will probably change economies, particularly in service industries like dining and travel. To combat aging populations, governments may, nevertheless, implement legislative changes that encourage childbearing. Changing cultural norms are reflected in the development of DINKs, which presents both opportunities and difficulties. Their financial clout will only increase in the upcoming years. Voluntary childlessness is on the rise as marriage and pregnancy rates fall in affluent nations. The term "double income, no kids," or DINK, is a novel concept in the social sphere that is becoming more and more popular among young married couples worldwide. According to DINK couples, having no children means having more money to spend. This implies that such funds could be used for the couple's personal enjoyment and social advancement. Over time, women have become more financially literate. They have scared attachment patterns and would rather invest their money than use it to raise children. Additionally, the findings suggest that glamping might be used as a venue for couples' counseling and to commemorate important occasions enhance close relationships.